The Health Status and Demographics of a Conflicting Country: The Sudan Experience
Miracle Ayomikun Adesina
EUROPEAN J ENV PUBLI, Volume 4, Issue 1, Article No: em0032
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejeph/5933
Research Article
[Abstract]
[PDF]
[References]
ABSTRACT
The Republic of Sudan is a country located in the Northeastern region of Africa. It has a very diverse culture with about 597 ethnic groups communicating in 400 different languages and dialects. Sudan is the third-largest country in Africa and the sixteenth largest in the world. This country is blessed with numerous mineral resources such as asbestos, chromite, copper, gold, iron, lead, mica, nickel, petroleum, silver, uranium, zinc and many more. However, Sudan is not a peaceful nation. The government of Sudan has been engaged in military warfare against the Sudan Revolutionary Front since 2011. There are widespread human rights violations and religious persecutions. There are allegations that Sudan is a safe haven for terrorist. This study therefore gives an overview of the health status and demographics of the populace inhabiting this conflicting nation. In discussing the health status of the Sudan population, the data on number of the different types of health care facilities and major equipment in Sudan were presented. Also data on maternal and child health, malaria, HIV/AIDS, yellow fever, nodding diseases, noncommunicable disease mental health and dental health were presented. The demographics section displayed the population, population distribution and statistics, religion distribution and many more of the Sudan populace. Author appeals that the statistics and data presented be used in attending to the health needs of the populace of Sudan.
Keywords: health, demographics, health indicators, Sudan, conflict
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Factors Associated with Condom Use among African American and Hispanic/ Latino Youth
Bianca Gleton, Shayesteh Jahanfar, Jeffery Inungu, Christopher Latty
EUROPEAN J ENV PUBLI, Volume 4, Issue 1, Article No: em0033
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejeph/5954
Research Article
[Abstract]
[PDF]
[References]
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Research has shown that African American and Hispanic/Latino youth are at an increased risk of contracting STIs/STDs and HIV/AIDS.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with condom use among African American and Hispanic/Latino youths.
Results: Among African American youth, condom use was more likely among males (2.09; 95% CI:1.45-3.02) compared to females and less likely among gays/lesbians compared to heterosexuals (0.33; 95% CI: 0.12-0.90), adjusted for cofounders. Among Hispanic/Latino youth, condom use was more likely among males (1.70; 95% CI: 1.25-2.31) compared to females and less likely among gays/lesbians (0.16; 95% CI: 0.57-0.44) and those who used alcohol/drugs during last sex (0.54; 95% CI: 0.37-0.78), adjusted for cofounders.
Conclusion: For both racial groups’, females and those identifying as gay or lesbian were more at risk of not using condoms. For Hispanic/Latino youth who used alcohol/drugs during last sex they were more at risk of not using a condom. This study can be used to identify culturally appropriate interventions that must be implemented to encourage greater condom use amongst African American and Hispanic/Latino youth.
Keywords: condom use, African American, Hispanic/ Latino, youth
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